Celebrating Makar Sankranti in India: Traditions and Unique Celebrations Across India
Imagine a festival where the sky transforms into a canvas of colourful kites, families gather around bonfires, and sweet treats fill every home. Welcome to Makar Sankranti in India, a celebration that’s as diverse as the country itself. Whether you’re flying kites in Gujarat, dancing to folk music in Punjab, or cooking up a feast in Tamil Nadu, Makar Sankranti celebrations in India has something for everyone.
Makar Sankranti isn’t just about rituals; it’s about stories, laughter, and starting the year with optimism. If you’ve ever wondered why people risk their fingers battling sharp strings or why jaggery sweets dominate the menu, you’re in the right place. Let’s unravel the magic of Makar Sankranti in India together—one tradition, one recipe, and one kite at a time.
In this Blog
Significance is Makar Sankranti?
Makar Sankranti in India marks the sun’s transition into Capricorn (Makara), signaling the start of longer days. Celebrated on 14th January each year, it is one of the few Indian festivals based on the solar calendar. Known as the harvest festival in India, it reflects gratitude for a prosperous crop season and heralds new beginnings.
Unlike other Indian festivals, Makar Sankranti is celebrated with diverse regional names and customs. From kite-flying in Gujarat to grand bonfires in Punjab, it blends spirituality with fun.
Mythology behind Makar Sankranti in India
Legend has it that Surya Puja, or worship of the Sun God, is central to this festival. In Hindu mythology, Makar Sankranti celebrates Lord Surya’s visit to his son, Lord Shani, symbolising reconciliation and familial harmony. Another story connects it to the triumph of the goddess Sankranti over evil, reinforcing themes of victory and renewal.
In South India, it marks the victory of Lord Vishnu over demons, while in North India, it commemorates Bhishma Pitamah’s decision to leave his mortal body during Uttarayana, believed to be an auspicious period.
Makar Sankranti Traditions Across India
1. Uttarayan in Gujarat – A Sky Full of Dreams
Ahmedabad’s International Kite Festival during Makar Sankranti converts the city into a sky-high battleground of vibrant kites. The sound of “Kai Po Che!” fills the air as participants cut each other’s strings. Locals and tourists hunt for the best kites in Jamalpur and indulge in street snacks like khaman and fafda. Pro tip: Ahmedabad in January is also perfect for sightseeing.
2. Bonfires and Bhangra in Punjab – Lohri Celebrations
Punjabis celebrate Makar Sankranti as Lohri, dancing around bonfires and singing folk songs. Villages light up with cultural performances, and til-gud laddoos are exchanged to spread sweetness. If you’re looking for places to visit in Amritsar, the Golden Temple is breathtaking under winter skies.
3. Holy Baths and Surya Puja at the Kumbh Mela
For many, Makar Sankranti is an occasion to take holy baths in rivers like the Ganges to cleanse sins. The Kumbh Mela, held every 12 years, sees millions gathering at Prayagraj. Prayagraj also offers spiritual chants and vibrant fairs along the riverbanks in January.
4. Pongal Feasts in Tamil Nadu – A Culinary Affair
Makar Sankranti becomes Pongal in Tamil Nadu, a four-day celebration with elaborate dishes like sweet pongal made from newly harvested rice. Villages prepare traditional pots decorated with sugarcane. Chennai in January is an excellent time to enjoy mild weather and temple festivals.
5. Colourful Rangolis in Maharashtra
In Maharashtra, people exchange til-gud laddoos saying, “Til-gud ghya, god god bola” (eat sweets and speak sweetly). Homes are decorated with rangolis, and kite flying brings communities together. Don’t miss Mumbai in January, which offers pleasant weather and festive vibes.
Traditional Makar Sankranti Foods and Recipes
No Indian festival is complete without food, and Makar Sankranti is no exception. Regional delicacies include:
- Til-Gud Laddoos – Made with sesame seeds and jaggery, symbolising warmth.
- Puran Poli – A Maharashtrian flatbread stuffed with sweet lentils.
- Chikki – Crunchy peanut and jaggery bars, popular in Gujarat.
- Khichdi – A North Indian dish made from rice and lentils, offered to deities.
- Sakkarai Pongal – A sweet rice dish in Tamil Nadu.
Pro tip: Prepare these recipes ahead of time to enjoy stress-free celebrations.
Kite Flying: The Symbol of Makar Sankranti
Kite flying is more than a pastime—it symbolises freedom and aspirations. Markets brim with kites of all sizes, from paper to designer creations. Rooftops during the Jaipur Kite Festival echo cheer as people battle for dominance in the skies. Jaipur in January is also ideal for sightseeing and exploring palaces.
Safety tips:
- Opt for eco-friendly kites to avoid harming birds.
- Use protective gloves to handle sharp strings.
- Avoid crowded rooftops for safer celebrations.
Makar Sankranti and Social Unity
This harvest festival in India is a great equaliser, uniting people across religions and regions. The practice of sharing sweets promotes goodwill, while bonfires, dances, and folk music strengthen community bonds. It’s a time to connect, forgive, and celebrate diversity.
Makar Sankranti in 2025: What You Need to Know
In 2025, Makar Sankranti falls on 14th January, a Tuesday. Cities like Ahmedabad, Jaipur, and Amritsar promise vibrant events. Plan early to secure spots at kite festivals or homestays in Jaipur near the celebrations.
Virtual options:
- Online Surya Puja livestreams.
- Workshops for making til-gud laddoos and kites.
Safety tips:
- Check local rules for bonfires and fireworks.
- Wear layers to stay warm during outdoor events.
- Avoid synthetic strings to ensure bird safety.
A Festival of Joy and Togetherness
Makar Sankranti isn’t just a harvest festival—it’s a celebration of light, unity, and tradition. From kite flying in Gujarat to holy baths at Prayagraj, it brings people closer with shared rituals and heartfelt connections. As 2025 approaches, let’s make this Indian festival not just about customs but also about spreading joy and positivity.
Whether you prefer quiet family gatherings or bustling fairs, Makar Sankranti has something for everyone. So grab your til-gud laddoos, join a bonfire, and let your spirits soar like a kite in the sky!
Article by: Ruben Saha
Banner Image courtesy Bill Fairs via Unsplash
